These images are taken from color engravings made by Frenchmen Jacques Esnauts and Michel Rapilly for the Galerie des Modes over a period of ten years beginning in 1778.

This slide contains over 60 images of men, women and children in various forms of French dress during pre-Revolutionary France. While you'll find outrageous hats, voluminous skirts, and unimaginable hair creations, many consider these plates to be the most beautifully rendered fashion illustrations ever created. Look close and you'll also see an illustration of a young toddler pulling his mother by his leading strings.

Each image downloads separately, which means there will be a pause between viewing each image - roughly 1-3 seconds on a 56K modem. You can watch the status of each download in the lower-left corner of your browser's window (Netscape and IExplorer). Once all images are downloaded, the pause is eliminated and you can cycle through the slide at your leisure.

We hope to add more costumes from other periods of French history in the near future. In the meantime, enjoy your journey back the late 1700s.



from Bach's French Suite No.2

Short Glossary of French Clothing Terms

  • A LA FIGARO: worn in the style of fashions from "The Marriage of Figaro".
  • AMADIS: tight fitting sleeve fastening at wrist, originally invented by opera singer to cover unsightly arms.
  • AU NOUVEAU DESIRE: trimming with cordons of ermine; could be replaced with striped gauze or taffeta in summer.
  • BAIGNEAUS: bonnet fashioned like a bathing cap.
  • BAVETTE: upper part of apron.
  • BONNET A LA CRETE DE COQ: cap shaped like a cockscomb.
  • BONNET A LA LAITIERE: cap similar to a milkmaid's hat.
  • BONNET A LA MORESQUE: cap shaped like a Mid East tarboosh.
  • BONNET A LA VICTOIRE: cap decorated with laurel leaves and the symbol of victory
  • BONNET DEMI-NEGLIGE: informal cap worn under hat.
  • BONNET NEGLIGE : cap worn at home.
  • BOURRELET: head protector for young children
  • BURAT: sturdy woolen fabric.
  • CARACO: hip-length robe worn over skirt (usually contrasting) with flounced hem.
  • CARACO A COQUELUCHON: as above with hood or cowl.
  • CARACO A LA FRANCAISE: robe with loose pleats at back.
  • CARACO A LA POLONAISE: robe having bodice with lower fronts curved toward the back.
  • CASAQUIN EN JUSTE: lower class woman's tight-fitting, short bodice or jacket.
  • CHAPEAU A LA CERES: hat trimmed with wheat.
  • CHAPEAU A LA CHARLOTTE: hat fashion introduced by Queen Charlotte of England.
  • CHAPEAU A LA DEVONSHIRE: hat with feathers and aigrettes, styled after English version.
  • CHAPEAU A LA TURQUE: hat styled in Turkish fashion.
  • CHAPEAU A L'EGYPTIENNE: puffed kerchief with lace edge and held in place by a ribbon with an aigrette and two heron feathers.
  • CHAPEAU JOCKEI: hat copying jockey or horsemen's hats
  • CHEMISE: loose gown of white linen or gauze. In earlier times, know as robe d'interieur.
  • CHEMISE A LA REINE: made popular by Marie-Antoinette, a gown donned over the head with a wide decolletage and sashed at waist.
  • CHINE: watered appearance in fabric created by dying warp threads before weaving.
  • CHISELE: patterns made by omitting the cut of some loop threads to creat a velvet pile.
  • COIFFURE A L'ANGLOMANE: hair arranged in English style.
  • COIFFURE A LA CONSEILLERE: style where hair is crisped on top, and below falls down straight in back and in large curls in front. Hair is unpowdered and natural colored.
  • COIFFURE A LA DAUPHINE: two large curls and two curving curls on side frame hair in back and is held in place with ribbon and strings of pearls.
  • COIFFURE AU CHIEN COUCHANT: large side curls resting on shoulders.
  • COSTUME AU GRAND FIGARO: short style jacket worn with waistcoatish bodice and sash.
  • DEMI-TABLIER: short apron.
  • DESHABILLE: state of undress; neglige.
  • EN POUF: puffed or tufted.
  • FALBALA: flounce or furbelow.
  • FOURREAU: tight-fitting bodice or sheath
  • FRAQUE A BAVAROISE: coat with lapels or revers
  • FRAQUE A COQUELUCHON: a collared coat with hood or cowl.
  • GAZE A BOUQUETS: floral patterned gauze.
  • GAZE DE FANTAISIE: whimsically trimmed gauze
  • GORGE A LA GABRIELLE D'ESTREES: neckline named for Gabrielle D'Estress, beautiful mistress of Henri IV.
  • GORGE DE PIGEON: iridiscent silk taffeta chameleon: the warp is grey and the two wefts are blue sky and pink.
  • GRAND DOMINO: huge cloak worn at carnivals in Venice over masked costumes and ballgowns. Also used as dressing gowns.
  • GRAND HABIT DE COUR: formal court fashion, made of luxurious fabrics and ornately decorated
  • GRAND NEGLIGE: out-of-door garment.
  • GRAND PANIER: wide panniers worn under court robes used to support huge hip extensions
  • GRANDE PELISSE D'HIVER: padded winter cloak trimmed in fur.
  • GRANDE REDINGOTE A L'ALLEMANDE: redingote in the German style.
  • GRANDE ROBE A CORPS OUVERT: robe opening to showoff matching petticoat worn over panniers.
  • GRANDE ROBE A LA FRANCAISE: decorated gown with loose pleats at back worn over wide panniers.
  • GROS DE NAPLES: Italian silk with corded surface.
  • HABIT DE DEMI-GALA: costume made of semi-rich fabrics and modest trimmings, worn for non-formal occasions.
  • LEVITE: sleeveless or shortsleeved gown straight in style and sashed at waist.
  • LINON A FLEURS: floral printed fine lawn or linen
  • MANCHETTES: armlets made of gauze and lace for decorative purposes and attached to gowns
  • MANTEAU A LA CAVALIERE: circular cape worn in the style of calvarymen's capes.
  • MANTEAU A LA L'ITALIENNE: same as above.
  • MANTELET AU LEVER DE L'AURORE: small mantle worn in morning.
  • NOEUDS D'AMOUR: ties and bows that decorate gown.
  • PAN(N)IER: ("basket") oval hoops worn under the skirt, creating huge hip extensions.
  • PARASOL A CANNE: parasol that is also a cane.
  • PARFAIT-CONTENTEMENT: the bow that hides a pin or clasp at the neckline
  • PEKIN: Chinese silk, usually handpainted, that looks like taffeta.
  • PELISSE: padded cloak or coat worn for warmth.
  • PETITE-MAITRESSE: same as a "dandy" in males; fashionable but overdressed woman.
  • PETITE ROBE UNIE: robe with matching petticoat worn over small panniers.
  • POLONAISE: robe pulled back to form three coattail sections, held in draped fashion by drawstrings or ties, worn over matching or contrasting skirt that has flounced hem.
  • POLONAISE A DEUX FINS: gown made to be drapes or to hang in a train
  • PRUNE DE MONSIEUR: purple shade
  • REDINGOTE: gown patterned after English riding coats.
  • REDINGOTE A COQUELUCHON: as above, with cowl or hood-like collar.
  • REDINGOTE A L'AMAZONE: woman's riding habit.
  • REDINGOTE DU MATIN: morning gown.
  • REDINGOTE EN BACKMANN: simply tailored warm coat.
  • ROBE: gown.
  • ROBE A L'AMERICAINE: simple sytle worn by immigrants.
  • ROBE A L'ANGLAISE: robe fitted and shaped to torso.
  • ROBE A LA CIRCASSIENNE: variation of a polonaise: short funnel sleeves, through which fitted sleeves of undergarment drawn through.
  • ROBE A LA FRANCAISE: fitted bodiced gown which opened to show stomacher; two large double pleats hung down the back, and mainly used for court functions.
  • ROBE A LA LEVANTINE: unfitted, fur-trimmed gown with short sleeves worn over long, tight-sleeved undergown.
  • ROBE A LA REINE: bodice with attached overskirt wth fronts pulled back by tassled cording to show underskirt.
  • ROBE A LA TRUQUE: tight bodiced gown with attached open-front outer robe, closed in front, with draped sash and funnel shape sleeves.
  • ROBE DE CHAMBRE: housecoat or dressing gown.
  • ROBE DE COUR: gown worn for court.
  • ROBE DU MATIN: morning dresses.
  • ROBE DU MATIN A L'ANGLAISE: English morning dress
  • ROBE EN CHEMISE: undergarments; shifts
  • SABOT: sleeves which were curved and narrow, seen mainly in last of 18th century.
  • SERRE-TETE: hat ribbon on a bonnet.
  • SOUBREVESTE: vest with no sleeves.
  • SOUTANELLE: Catholic priest's coat.
  • TRICOT: a knit fabric.
  • VERMICELLI: fine motifs in swirling patterns printed on fabric.

An excellent source on French textiles and historical dress
may be found by visiting www.cvmt.com.

French Event Timeline to follow....

 

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